Address: Mevo Hakatros 4,

   Maale Adumim, Israel 98390

Telephone/fax: (02) 5352517 (home);

   (02) 5880255 (office)

e-mail: msladino@mscc.huji.ac.il,

   david.bunis@gmail.com

homepage: http://pluto.huji.ac.il/~msladino

Birth date: 3 June 1952

Place of birth: United States of America

Year of immigration: 1980

Married, 4 children

Citizenship: Israeli/United States

City College of CUNY

New York, New York            

B.A., magna cum laude, 1973

Major: Linguistics

Course of study: Linguistics; Spanish language, literature and grammar; Hebrew language; Yiddish language

Columbia University

New York, New York

M.A., 1975

Major field: Linguistics

Thesis: Toward a Linguistic and Cultural Geography of Judezmo

Columbia University

New York, New York

M.Phil., 1977

Major field: Linguistics

Columbia University

New York, New York

Ph.D., 1981

Major field: Linguistics

Special fields: Judezmo (Ladino) linguistics, Yiddish

   linguistics, Spanish linguistics, general linguistics

Dissertation: A Phonological  and Morphological

   Analysis of the Hebrew and Aramaic Component of Judezmo

Dissertation advisor: Professor Marvin Herzog

1980

Visiting Lecturer, Department of Romance Studies and Center for Sephardic and Oriental Jewish Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Ladino Studies

1981

Teaching Associate at the Rank of Lecturer, Department of Romance Studies and Center for Sephardic and Oriental Jewish Studies, Ladino Studies

1982

Lecturer, Department of Romance Studies and Center for Sephardic and Oriental Jewish Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Ladino Studies

1985

Senior Lecturer, Department of Romance Studies and Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures (Department of Hebrew Language), Faculty of Humanities, Ladino Studies and Jewish Languages

1993

Associate Professor, Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures (Department of Hebrew Language), Faculty of Humanities, Ladino Studies and Jewish Languages

2006

Professor, Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures (Department of Hebrew Language), Faculty of Humanities, Ladino Studies and Jewish Languages

2000

Member, Steering Committee, Sixth International Conference, Misgav Yerushalayim

2000-2008

Member, Academic Committee on Jewish Language Research

2000-2008

Member, Council of the Institute of Jewish Studies

2000-2009

Referee, Doctoral Dissertations in Jewish Languages and Sephardic Studies

2003-2007

Member, Philological Committee

2008-2009

Member, Near East Committee

2006-2009

Chairman, Academic Committee, Misgav Yerushalayim

2008-2009

Member, Academic Committee, Expulsion and Forcible Conversion: An International Research Workshop, 11-15 January 2009, Hispania Judaica Center, The Mandel Institute of Jewish Studies

2009

Chief Editor, Proceedings of the Conference on Jewish Languages organized by Misgav Yerushalayim

2009-2010

Co-editor, Massorot: Studies in Jewish Languages and Language Traditions (in Hebrew), The Mandel Institute of Jewish Studies, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

1977-78, 1979-80

Preceptor, Department of Linguistics, Columbia University

1979

Instructor, PT, Foreign Language Program, New York University School of Continuing Education

1980

Visiting Lecturer, Department of Spanish, University of Pennsylvania

1982-84

Visiting Lecturer, PT, Department of Linguistics, Tel-Aviv University, Ladino Studies

1986

Visiting Lecturer, Sephardic Studies Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Ladino Studies

1995-98

Visiting Lecturer, PT, Program in General Studies, Tel-Aviv University, Ladino Studies

1972

Assistant, Great Yiddish Dictionary Project, City College of CUNY/YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, New York

1974

Application Review Panelist, Youthgrants in the Humanities Program, National Endowment for the Humanities (Washington, D.C.)

1989-2006

Member, Editorial Board, Hispanic Linguistics

1991-92

Member, Public Council Marking the Quinticentennial of the Expulsion of the Jews from Spain and the Founding of the New World, Jerusalem

1995-2007

Referee in the field of Sephardic studies for papers considered for publication in the scholarly journals Mediterranean Language Review, Pe‘amim, Masorot, Meḥqere Yerušalayim Befolklor Yehudi, and for books and articles considered for publication by Ben-Zvi Institute, Ben-Gurion University Press, Haifa University Press, Carmel Press, National Authority for Ladino Culture, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

1997-2007

Advisor and lecturer, National Authority for Ladino, Jerusalem

1999-2007

Advisor, Ladino-Hebrew Dictionary Project, National Authority for Ladino, Jerusalem

2000

Member of Organizing Committee, Sixth International Congress of Misgav Yerushalayim, Hebrew University

2000-2005

Advisor, Ladino Programs, Israel Ministry of Education

2000-2001

Events in honor of the publication of Voices from Jewish Salonika organized at the Hebrew University (Misgav Yerushalayim); Bar-Ilan University; and Maale Adumim Township

2000-2007

Advisor, Israel Science Foundation

2000-2007

Advisor, Dahan Center, Bar-Ilan University

2001

Keynote speaker (Cynthia Crews Memorial Lecture), Twelfth British Conference on Judeo-Spanish Studies, University College, London, 24-26 June 2001

2001-2007

Founding Member of Advisory Board, and Member, Israel Association for the Study of Language and Culture, Tel-Aviv

2001-2007

Member, Public Council on Eastern Classical Music and Dance, Jerusalem

2003-2007

Member, Israel Linguistic Society

2003-2007

Member, Advisory Board, Sephardic House, New York

2004-2007

Advisor, Center for Ottoman Ladino Research, Istanbul

2004

Chief Judge, Toledano Prize Awards in Sephardic Studies, Jerusalem

2004-2007

Member, The Linguist List, Eastern Michigan University

2004-2007

Member, Academic Committee, M. D. Gaon Center for Ladino Studies, Ben-Gurion University

2006

Advisor, Swiss National Science Foundation

2007

Member, Yitzhak Ben-Zvi Institute Award Committee

2008

Keynote Speaker, Judezmo Lexicology and Lexicography: International Conference, Institute for the History of German Jews, Hamburg, 7-9 September 2008

2008

Shelomo Morag Memorial Lecturer, Jewish Languages in Writing and Speech: Third International Conference of the Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 23-26 June 2008

2009

Member, Editorial Board, El Prezente: Studies in Sephardic Culture, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

2009

Member, Society for the Study of the Jews of Sefarad and the Sefaradi Diaspora, Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem

2009-2013

Member, Editorial Board, International Journal of the Sociology of Language

1989-91

Memorial Foundation for Jewish culture, “Documenting the Oral Traditions of Judezmo-speaking Sephardim”

1993

American Academy For Jewish Research, “Hebrew-Aramaic Elements in Modern Judezmo”

1992/93, 1994/95

Federman Foundation, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, “Hebrew-Aramaic Elements in Modern Judezmo”

1992/93, 1994/95

Faculty of Humanities, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, “Hebrew-Aramaic Elements in Modern Judezmo”

1995

Institute for Research on Saloniki Jewry, Tel-Aviv, “Topics in Judezmo Grammar”

1995, 1997

Faculty of Humanities, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, “An Introduction to Judezmo Grammar”

1997

AMOS Foundation, Israel President’s House, “An Introduction to Judezmo Grammar”

1996-99

Israel Science Foundation, “Turkish component in Modern Judezmo”

1999

Israel National Authority for Ladino, “Voices from Jewish Salonika”

1999

Ets Ahaim Foundation, Thessaloniki, “Voices from Jewish Salonika”

2000-2001

Israel National Authority for Ladino, “Ottoman Elements in Yugoslavian Judezmo”

2002

Federman Foundation, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, “Judezmo in Sephardic Rabbinical Sources”

2003

Misgav Yerushalayim, “Turkish-Jewish Linguistic Interaction in the Ottoman Empire”

2003-2007

Israel Science Foundation, “Turkish-Jewish Linguistic Interaction in the Ottoman Empire”

2009

Publication grant, Israel Science Foundation, for Languages and Literatures of Sephardic and Oriental Jews, edited by David M. Bunis. Misgav Yerushalayim and Mossad Bialik. Jerusalem. 2009

2006

Yitzhak Ben-Zvi Prize for Research on Jewish Communities in the East, Yad Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, Jerusalem

2000-2001

2001-2002

2002-2003

2003-2004

2004-2005

2005-2006

2006-2007

2007-2008

2008-2009

2009-2010

Ladino and Structural Linguistics (B.A.)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Advanced Ladino (M.A.)

Ladino in Salonika, the Jewish Gem of the Aegean (M.A.)

Ladino Linguistics (B.A)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Advanced Ladino: Problems in Grammar; Textual Analysis (M.A.)

Ladino As a Jewish Language, Ladino as a Balkan Language (M.A.)

Ladino (Judeo-Spanish): A Structural History of the Language (B.A.)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Advanced Ladino: Explication of texts; Topics in Grammar (M.A.)

Ladino in its Social and Literary Diversity (M.A.)

Ladino As a Mirror of the Sephardic Jewish Experience in the East (B.A.)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Advanced Ladino: Problems in Grammar; Textual Analysis (M.A.)

Ladino and the Controversies Surrounding It (M.A.)

[Fall semester: on sabbatical]

Introductory Ladino: Essentials of Grammar and Lexicon; Analysis of

   texts (B.A.)

Advanced Ladino (M.A.)

Ladino: An Introduction to the Language and to the Culture of its

   Speakers (B.A.)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Advanced Ladino: The Popular Dialogue in literary works (M.A.)

Ladino and Yiddish: A Comparative Linguistic Analysis (M.A.)

New Directions in Ladino Research (M.A.)

Ladino: A Structural History of the Language (B.A.)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Ladino in the Responsa Literature of the Ottoman Rabbis (M.A.)

Ladino: Linguistic Analysis of Folk and Humoristic Texts (M.A.)

Ladino and Turkish: Jewish-Turkish Linguistic Encounters in the

   Ottoman Empire (M.A.)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Ladino and the Controversies Surrounding It (M.A.)

Advanced Ladino: Critical Reading of Historical Sources; Analysis of

   Autobiographical Writings (M.A.)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Ladino As a Mirror of the Sephardic Jewish Experience in the East (B.A.)

Advanced Ladino: Critical Reading of Historical Sources; Linguistic Analysis of Folk and Humoristic Texts

The Hebrew Traditions of Ladino Speakers (M.A.)

Introductory Ladino (B.A.)

Ladino As a Jewish Language, Ladino as a Balkan Language (B. A.)

Ladino in the Responsa Literature of the Ottoman Rabbis (M. A.)

Advanced Ladino: Topics in the Structure of the Language (M. A.)

New Directions in Ladino Research (M. A.)

1. Voices from Jewish Salonika. 1999. Misgav Yerushalayim. Jerusalem. 649 pages (English, Judezmo), 350 pages. (In Hebrew.)

2. Judezmo: An Introduction to the Language of the Ottoman Sephardim. 1999. Magnes Press. Jerusalem. 575 pages. (In Hebrew.)

3. Yiddish Linguistics: A classified bilingual index to Yiddish serials and collections, 1913-1958. 1994. With Andrew Sunshine. YIVO Institute for Jewish Research and Garland Press. New York. 211 pages.

4. A Lexicon of the Hebrew and Aramaic Elements in Modern Judezmo. 1993. Magnes Press. Jerusalem. With a foreward by Shelomo Morag. 508 pages.

5. Sephardic Studies: A Bibliography for Research. 1981. Garland Press and YIVO Institute for Jewish Research. New York. xix, 234 pages.

6. A Guide to Reading and Writing Judezmo. 1975. 2d ed. 1976. The Judezmo Society. New York. 49 pages.

7. (with Ofra Tirosh-Becker), Massorot: Studies in Jewish Languages and Language Traditions, vol. 15, Center for the Study of Jewish Languages and Literatures, The Mandel Institute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2010, 229, IX pages.

8. Languages and Literatures of Sephardic and Oriental Jews. Misgav Yerushalayim and Mossad Bialik. Jerusalem. 2009. 431, 484 pages.

9. “Judenspanisch (Judeo-Spanish)”, to appear in Encyclopedia of Jewish History and Culture, ed. Dan Diner, Leipzig: Simon Dubnow Institute, 5 manuscript pages.

10. “Judezmo Writing Systems,” to appear in The World’s Writing Systems, 2d ed., ed. Peter T. Daniels, 11 manuscript pages.

11. “Echoes of Yiddishism in Judezmism,” to appear in Jews and Slavs, ed. Wolf Moskovich, 25 manuscript pages.

12. “Judezmo Glossaries and Dictionaries by Native Speakers and the Language Ideologies behind Them”, to appear in Judezmo Lexicography, ed. Michael Studemund-Halevy & Winfried Busse, 93 manuscript pages.

13. “Sephardim in Nineteenth-Century Jerusalem,” to appear in A Chrestomathy of Judeo-Spanish Literature, ed. Pilar Romeu & Michael Studemund-Halevy, 40 manuscript pages.

14. “Judezmo – The Jewish Language of the Ottoman Sephardim,” to appear in European Judaism, Ladino Issue, Autumn 2010, ed. Hilary Pomeroy

15. “The Language of the Sephardic Jews in the Turkish Republic,” to appear in The Jews of Turkey, ed. Yaron Ben-Naeh, Jerusalem, Ben-Zvi Institute, 23 manuscript pages (Hebrew).

16. “Native Designations of Judezmo as a ‘Jewish Language’ ”, to appear in Festschrift in Honor of Joseph Chetrit, ed. Yosef Tobi, Haifa, Haifa University, 38 manuscript pages.

17. “Judeo-Spanish: History and Linguistic Description,” to appear in Encyclopedia of the Jews in the World of Islam, ed. Norman Stillman, Leiden, Brill, 9 manuscript pages

18. “Biblical Translation and Commentaries – Judeo-Spanish,” to appear in Encyclopedia of the Jews in the World of Islam, ed. Norman Stillman, Leiden, Brill, 9 manuscript pages

19. “Jewish and Muslim Ibero-Romance: A Comparative Approach,” to appear in Hispania Judaica Bulletin 7, 35 manuscript pages.

20. “El djuđezmo como lengua judía,” to appear in La Lengua Española y las Tres Religiones, eds. Juan Carlos Villaverde Amieva et al., Universidad de Oviedo, 20 manuscript pages.

21. “A Doctrine of Popular Judezmism as Extrapolated from the Judezmo Press, c. 1845–1948”, to appear in Satirical Texts in Judeo-Spanish By and About the Jews of Thessaloniki, edited by Rena Molho. Thessaloniki: Ets Haim Society, 30 manuscript pages.

22. (with Mattat Bunis). “Spoken Judezmo in Written Judezmo: Dialogues in Sefer Me-‘am Lo‘ez on Leviticus and Numbers (Istanbul 1753-64) by Rabbi YiîÊaq Magriso” [in Hebrew], to appear in Pe‘amim. Jerusalem: Ben-Zvi Institute, 96 manuscript pages.

23. “Judezmo in Hebrew Letters and Romanization at the End of the Twentieth Century.” To appear in Proceedings of the First International Congress on Ladino Writing and Orthography (National Authority for Ladino Language and Culture, Jerusalem, 17-19 October 1999). National Authority for Ladino Language and Culture. Jerusalem. 9 manuscript pages. (In Hebrew)

24. “Greek, the Language of the State, and Its Use By Jews.” To appear in The Jews of Greece, edited by Haim Saadon. Ben-Zvi Institute. Jerusalem. 7 manuscript pages. (In Hebrew)

25. “The Languages of the Jews of Greece.” To appear in The Jews of Greece, edited by Haim Saadon. Ben-Zvi Institute. Jerusalem. 10 manuscript pages. (In Hebrew)

 26. “ ‘Whole Hebrew’: A Revised Definition.” To appear in Festschrift in Honor of Chava Turnianski, edited by Erika Timm, Galit Hasan-Rokem, Ada Rapaport-Albert, & Yisrael Bartal. Jerusalem-Trier. 32 manuscript pages.

27. “Editor’s Preface.” In Jewish Languages and Literatures of Sephardic and Oriental Jewry, edited by David M. Bunis. Jerusalem: Misgav Yerushalayim & Bialik Institute. 2009. Pages *1-22.

28. “Judezmo Analytic Verbs with a Hebrew-Origin Participle: Evidence of Ottoman Influence.” In Languages and Literatures of Sephardic and Oriental Jewry, edited by David M. Bunis. Jerusalem: Misgav Yerushalayim & Bialik Institute. 2009. Pages 94–166.

29. “The Differential Impact of Arabic on Ḥaketía and Turkish on Judezmo.” In El Presente 2, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. 2008. Pages 177-207.

30. “Judezmo: An introduction to the Language and Its Varieties.” To appear in Encyclopedia of the Jewish Diaspora, edited by M. Avrum Ehrlich. ABC CLIO, Santa Barbara. 9 manuscript pages.

31. “Jewish Languages.” To appear in Encyclopedia of the Jewish Diaspora, edited by M. Avrum Ehrlich. ABC CLIO, Santa Barbara. 7 manuscript pages.

32. “Jewish Ibero-Romance in Livorno.” In Italia, edited by Robert Bonfil. Institute of Jewish Studies, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. 2008. Pages 7-64.

33. “The Names of Jewish Languages: A Taxonomy.” In Il mio cuore è a Oriente. Studi di linguistica storica, filologia e cultura ebraica dedicati a Maria Luisa Mayer Modena, eds. Francesco Aspesi, Vermondo Brugnatelli, Anna Linda Callow, Claudia Rosenzweig. Milan: Cisalpino. 2008. Pages 415–433.

34. “The Three Ladinos of Livorno.” Judeo-Spanish (Ladino): Sephardic Culture and Tradition, edited by Emanuela Lodi. 2007. Salomone Belforte. Livorno. Pages 51-63.  

35. “Judezmo Inanimate Fusion Nouns with Non-Romance Affixes.” Yod 11–12 (2006-2007), edited by Marie-Christine Varol-Bornes & Rina Cohen. INALCO. Paris. Pages 359-410.

36. “Judezmo and Haketia Inanimate Nouns With Hebrew-Origin Bases and Romance-Origin Affixes.” Sha‘are Lashon: Studies in Hebrew, Aramaic and Jewish Languages Presented to Moshe Bar-Asher, edited by A. Maman, S. E. Fassberg & Y. Breuer, Volume III. 2007. The Bialik Institute. Jerusalem. Pages *40-63. 

37. “Les langues juives du Moyen-Orient et d’Afrique du Nord.” In Le monde sépharade, vol. 2, civilisation, edited by Shmuel Trigano. 2006. Editions du Seuil. Paris. Pages 537-564.

38. “Judeo-Spanish Culture.” In Sephardic & Mizrahi Jewry From the Golden Age of Spain To Modern Times, edited by Zion Zohar. 2005. New York University Press. New York. Pages 55-76.

39. “A Theory of Hebrew-Based Fusion Lexemes in Jewish Languages as Illustrated by Animate Nouns in Judezmo and Yiddish.” Mediterranean Language Review 16. 2005. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. Pages 1-115.

40. “Writing as a Symbol of Religio-National Identity: On the Historical Development of Judezmo Spelling.” Pe'amim 101-102. 2005. Pages 111-171. (In Hebrew)

41. “Distinctive Characteristics of Jewish Ibero-Romance, Circa 1492.” Hispania Judaica Bulletin (Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem) 4, edited by Yom-Tov Assis and Raquel Ibáñez-Sperber. 2004. Pages 105-137.

42. “Salonika: World Center of Popular Judezmism.” In Judeo Espaniol: A Jewish Language in Search of Its People, edited by Raphael Gatenio. 2004. Thessaloniki. Pages 75-84.

43. “Judezmo in Erets Yisrael.” In Voice of Jacob: Jubilee Volume for Yaakov Bentolila, edited by Daniel Sivan and Pablo-Itshak Halevy-Kirtchuk. 2003. Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. Beer-Sheva. Pages 53-71. (In Hebrew)

44. “Ottoman Judezmo Diminutives and Other Hypocoristics.” In Linguistique des langues juives et linguistique générale, edited by Frank Alvarez-Pereyre and Jean Baumgarten. 2003. Paris. Pages 193-246.

45. “Modernization of Judezmo and Hakitia (Judeo-Spanish).” In The Jews of the Middle East and North Africa in modern times, edited by Reeva S. Simon, Michael M. Laskier and Sara Reguer. 2003. Columbia University. New York. Pages 116-128.

46. “Jewish Languages Enter the Modern Era. ” In The Jews of the Middle East and North Africa in Modern Times, edited by Reeva S. Simon, Michael M. Laskier and Sara Reguer. 2003. Columbia University. New York. Pages 113-116.  

47. “Rabbi Yehuda Alkalay and his Linguistic Concerns.” In Zion and Zionism Among Sephardic and Eastern Jews, edited by Zev Harvey, Galit Hazan-Rokem, Haim Saadon and Amnon Shiloah. 2002. Misgav Yerushalayim. Jerusalem. Pages 155-212. (In Hebrew.)

48. “On the Incorporation of Slavisms in the Grammatical System of Yugoslavian Judezmo.” Jews and Slavs, vol. 9, edited by Wolf Moskovich. 2001. Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem-Vienna. Pages 325-337.

 49. “Tio Ezrá i su mujer Benuta: Linguistic Notes on a Popular Newspaper Series Published in the Judezmo Press of Saloniki Between the World Wars.” In Judeo Espaniol: The evolution of a culture, edited by Raphael Gatenio. 1999. Thessaloniki. Pages 49-56.

50. “Hebrew Elements in Sefer Hešeq Šelomo [Venice, 1587/88].” In Vena hebraica in judaeorum linguis, edited by Shelomo Morag, Moshe Bar-Asher and Maria Mayer-Modena. 1999. University of Milan. Milan. Pages 153-181.

51. “Les rencontres séfarades-ashkénazes et le développement de la littérature judezmo.” In Le yiddish: Langue, culture, société, directed by Jean Baumgarten and David M. Bunis. 1999. CNRS. Paris. Pages 137-175.

52. “Phonological Characteristics of Ibero-Romance Elements in the First Printed Ladino Bible Glossary (Sefer Hešeq Šelomo, Venice, 1587/88).” In Hispano-Jewish Civilization After 1492, edited by Michel Abitbol, Galit Hasan-Rokem and Tom-Tov Assis. 1997. Misgav Yerushalayim. Jerusalem. Pages 203-252.

53. “The Use of Hebrew and Aramaic Elements in the Creation of Satire by Speakers of Judezmo.” In Masorot 9-10-11, edited by Moshe Bar-Asher. 1997. Institute of Jewish Studies, Hebrew University. Jerusalem. Pages 319-333. (In Hebrew.)

 54. “Translating from the Head and from the Heart: The Essentially Oral Nature of the Ladino Bible-Translation Tradition.” In Hommage à Haïm Vidal Sephiha, edited by Winfried Busse, Heinrich Kohring and Moshe Shaul. 1996. Peter Lang. Berne. Pages 337-357.

55. “The Ottoman Sephardic Jews and the ‘Language Question’.” In Sephardi and Middle Eastern Jewries: History and Culture in the Modern Era, edited by Harvey E. Goldberg. Indiana University Press. 1996. Bloomington, Indiana. Pages 226-239.

56. “Yisrael Haim of Belgrade and the History of Judezmo Linguistics.” In Histoire, Epistomologie, Langage (XVIII, fascicule 1, 1996): La linguistique de l’hébreu et des langues juives, edited by Jean Baumgarten and Sophie Kessler-Mesguich. 1996. Société d’Histoire et d’Epistomologie des Sciences du Langage and PUV. Paris. Pages 151-166.

57. “Forward.” In S. Romano, Dictionary of spoken Judeo-Spanish/French/German, with an introduction on phonetics and word formation (Ph.D. University of Zagreb, 1933). 1995. Misgav Yerushalayim. Jerusalem. Pages v-x.

58. “Pyesa di Yaakov Avinu kun sus ijus (Bucharest, 1862): The First Judezmo Play?” Revue des Études Juives CLIV (3-4, 1995). Pages 387-428.

59. “Tres formas de ladinar la Biblia en Italia en los siglos XVI-XVII.” In Introducción a la Biblia de Ferrara, edited by Iacob M. Hassán. 1994. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Madrid. Pages 315-345.

60. “Le judezmo: autres cadres, autres rôles.” In La société juive à travers l’histoire, vol. 4, ed. by Shmuel Trigano. 1993. Fayard. Paris. Pages 532-554 and 715-716.

61. “The Earliest Judezmo Newspapers: Sociolinguistic Reflections.” Mediterranean Language Review 6-7 (1993). Pages 5-66.

62. “Food Terms and Culinary Customs in Rabbi Eliezer ben Šem Tov Papo’s Sefer Damesek Eliezer: Judezmo Rabbinical Literature as a Folkloristic and Linguistic Resource.” Jerusalem Studies in Jewish Folklore 5-6 (1984). Pages 151-195. (In Hebrew)

63. “The Language of the Sephardic Jews: A Historical Sketch.” In Moreshet Sefarad, vol. 2, ed. by Haim Beinart. 1992. Magnes Press. Jerusalem. Pages 399-422. (Also published in Hebrew and Spanish.)

64. “Una introdución a la lengua de los sefardíes a través de refranes en judezmo.” Neue Romania, Judenspanisch I, ed. by Winfried Busse. 1992. Institut für Romanische Philologie der Freien Universität. Berlin. Pages 7-36.

65. “The Dialect of the Old Yišuv Sephardic Community in Jerusalem: A Preliminary Linguistic Analysis.” In Studies in Jewish Languages, ed. by Moshe Bar-Asher. 1988. Misgav Yerushalayim. Jerusalem. Pages *1-40.

66. “Plural Formation in Modern East Judezmo.” In Jerusalem Studies in Judeo-Romance Languages, ed. by Joseph Sermoneta and Isaac Benabu. 1985. Magnes Press. Jerusalem. Pages 41-67.

67. “Some Problems in Judezmo Linguistics.” Mediterranean Language Review 1 (1984). Pages 92-126.

68. “Judezmo Language and Literature: An experiment at Columbia University.” Sephardi and Oriental Jewish Heritage, vol. 2, ed. by Issachar Ben-Ami. 1982. Misgav Yerushalayim. Jerusalem. Pages 383-402.

69. “Toward a Linguistic Geography of Judezmo.” In Hispania Judaica, vol. 3, ed. by J. M. Sola-Solé, Samuel G. Armistead and Joseph H. Silverman. 1982. Puvill. Barcelona. Pages 11-36.

70. “Types of Nonregional Variation in Early Modern Spoken Eastern Judezmo.” International Journal of the Sociology of Language 37 (1982). Pages 41-70. Reprinted in Serta gratulatoria in honorem Juan Régulo, I. Filología. Universidad de la Laguna. 1985. Pages 161-189.

71. “A Comparative Linguistic Analysis of Judezmo and Yiddish.” International Journal of the Sociology of Language 30 (1981). Pages 49-70.

72. “Response [to Dina Lida, “Ladino Language and Literature.”] In Jewish languages: Theme and variations, ed. by Herbert H. Paper. 1978. Association for Jewish Studies. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Pages 93-102.

73. “The Historical Development of Judezmo Orthography: A Brief Sketch,” Working Papers in Yiddish and East European Jewish Studies 2. 1975. YIVO Institute for Jewish Research. New York. 40 pages.

“Written Reflections of Spoken Codeswitching Between Judezmo and Other Languages Among the Sephardim of the Former Ottoman Empire, 1492-1942”, Sixteenth British Conference on Judeo-Spanish Studies, Queen Mary, University of London, 13-15 July 2010

“Judezmo Passages in the Responsa of Rabbi Shemuel de Medina (Salonika 1506-1589): Verbatim Quotation or Edited Reconstruction?”, Jewish Languages: Original Works and Translated Works – The Fourth International Congress of the Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 21-24 June 2010

“Editorial Principles for the Collection Languages and Literatures of Sephardic and Oriental Jews (Misgav Yerushalayim / Bialik Institute),” Troisième Atelier franco-israélien de Linguistique des langues juives, Centre de Recherche Français de Jérusalem, 30 November–1 December 2009

“Jewish and Muslim Ibero-Romance: A Comparative Approach,” Expulsion and Forcible Conversion: Their Aftermath in the Life of the Sefardi Refugees and their Children, Hispania Judaica Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 11–15 January 2009

“El djuđezmo como lengua judía,” La Lengua Española y las Tres Religiones: Congreso Internacional organizado por el Seminario de Estudios Árabo-Románicos, Universidad de Oviedo,  2 y 3 de diciembre  de 2008

“A Doctrine of Popular Judezmism as Extrapolated from the Judezmo Press, c. 1845–1948,” Satirical Texts in Judeo-Spanish By and About the Jews of Thessaloniki: 4th International Conference on Judeo Spanish Studies, Thessaloniki, 26–28 October 2008

“The Language Attitudes Reflected in Judezmo Dictionaries,” Judezmo Lexicology and Lexicography: International Conference, Institute for the History of German Jews, Hamburg, 7-9 September 2008

“Spoken Judezmo in Written Judezmo: Reflections in Sefer Me-‘am Lo‘ez on Numbers by Rabbi YiîÊaq Magriso (Istanbul 1764),” Jewish Languages in Writing and Speech: Third International Conference of the Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 23-26 June 2008.

“The Differential Impact of Arabic on Ḥaketía and Turkish on Judezmo,” Los sefardíes del norte de Marruecos: Cultura en contacto, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 3-6 June 2007

“The Multiple Identities of the Judezmo Speakers in the Ottoman Empire,” Jews, Arabs—and the Hyphen Separating Them: The Controversy on Eastern Jewish Identity, Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem, 5 May 2007

 “Literary Reflections of Codeswitching Among Judezmo-Speaking Sephardim Before World War I,” International Conference of the Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 26-29 June 2006

“Livorno: Where Eastern and Western Judeo-Spanish Meet,” Judeo-Spanish (Ladino) – Sephardic Culture and Tradition: Past, Present and Future, Livorno, 6-7 November 2005.

“Accommodation Theory and the Ibero-Romance Languages of Sephardi Jewry,” Seminar Marking the Twentieth Anniversary of the Founding of the Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 11 March 2005.

“Judezmo in Contemporary Israel,” Series on the Languages of Israel, organized by Eliezer Ben-Refael, Tel-Aviv University, 12 December 2004.

“Distinctive Morphological Characteristics of the Judezmo Verb in its Historical Development,” Twentieth Annual Conference of the Israeli Linguistic Circle, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 13 April 2004

“Distinctive Characteristics of Medieval Judeo-Romance,” Workshop on Iberian Jewry in the Middle Ages, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 26 November 2003

“The Five Translation Languages of Judezmo Speakers,” Jewish Languages as Languages of Translation – International Conference, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9-12 June 2003

“Reflections of Rabbinical Literary Traditions in the Popular Judezmo Press,” Conference on the Theme: Between Hebrew Literature and Ladino Literature, Ben-Gurion University, 27 May 2003

“Teaching Judezmo in Israeli Universities,” Conference on “Orientalism” and Education: Sephardi/Mizrachi Jewy in Israel and the Diaspora, Ben Gurion University, Be’er-Sheva, 6 April 2002

“Shifts in the status of Turkisms in Judezmo as a reflection of the evolving identity of the Ottoman Sephardim,” First Annual Congress of the Israel Association for the Study of Language And Society, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 5 April 2002

“On the lexicon of the Hebrew elements in Judezmo,” Conference on the State of Research in Jewish Languages of the East and their Literatures, Haifa University, Haifa, 7-8 April 2002

“The Turkish component of Judezmo,” Teachers’ Seminar, National Authority for Ladino Language and Culture, Jerusalem, 18 October 2001

“Sephardic identity and Hispanic identity among the Jews of the Ottoman Empire as reflected in Judezmo sources,” Twelfth British Conference on Judeo-Spanish Studies, University College, London, 24-26 June 2001

“Turkish among the Ottoman Sephardim in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth centuries,” International Conference on the Jews in the Ottoman Empire: Society and Culture, Bar-Ilan University, 13-14 June 2001

“Jewish Voices from Salonika,” Ladino Culture—Tradition and Renewal (Conference), Haifa University, 17 April 2001

“Judezmo in Erets Yisrael,” Language and Society at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century (Conference), Haifa University, 3-4 April 2001

“Ottoman Turkish Influences in Eighteenth-Century Judezmo,” Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 14 January 2001

“Turkish Elements in Pre-Modern Judezmo,” Sixth International Congress of Misgav Yerushalayim, Hebrew University, 11-15 June 2000

“The changing faces of Sephardic identity as reflected in Judezmo sources,” Identity and Memory (Conference), Ben Zvi Institute, May 2000

“Salonika, the capital of popular Judezmism,” Second International Judeo-Espaniol Conference, Thessaloniki, 16-17 April 2000

“Reforms in Jewish-letter Judezmo orthography,” First International Congress on Ladino Writing and Orthography, National Authority for Ladino Language and Culture, Jerusalem, 17-19 October 1999

“The modernization of Judezmo and Hakitia (Judeo-Spanish),” The Jews of the Modern Middle East and North Africa” A Symposium, Columbia University, New York, 25 February 1998

“Tio Ezrá i su mujer Benuta: Sociolinguistic notes on a popular newspaper series published in the Judezmo press of Saloniki between the world wars,” Judeo-Espaniol: International Conference on the Evolution of a Culture, Saloniki, 19-20 October 1997

“The Judezmo writings of Rabbi Judah Alkalay,” Misgav Yerushalayim’s Fifth International Congress, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 20-24 July 1997

“Ottoman Judezmo diminutives: Semantic aspects,” Conference on Jewish Languages, Centre de Recherche Français de Jérusalem, Jerusalem, 2-4 January 1996

“Reflections of Hebrew in the Ladino Bible glossary Sefer Hešeq Šelomo (Venice, 1588),” II Convegno Internazionale su la Componente Ebraico-Aramaica negli Idiomi Ebraici, Milan, 23-26 October 1995

“Ottoman Judezmo diminutives: Formal structure,” 14ème Colloque Europeen sur la Grammaire et le Lexique Comparés des Langues Romanes, Tel-Aviv University, 9-16 September 1995

“Writing ‘from Jew to Jew’: Folk Judezmo as a literary language in interbellum Saloniki” (in Hebrew), Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University, 15 June 1995

“Judezmo instruction at the university level” (in Hebrew), Second Annual Conference of the Maaleh Adumim Institute for the Documentation of Judeo-Spanish Language and Culture, 30 November 1994

“On the origins of Judezmo,” guest lecture sponsored by the Department of Spanish and the Department of Jewish Studies, New York University, New York, 14 January 1994

“A comprehensive dictionary of the Hebrew and Aramaic component of Judezmo” (in Hebrew), Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University, 25 December 1993

“Popular Judezmo in the 16th century,” Fourth International Congress of Misgav Yerushalayim, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 21-25 June 1992

“Ashkenazic-Sephardic interactions and the development of Judezmo language and literature,” Fourth International Conference for Research on Yiddish, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 31 May - 5 June 1992

“The language and culture of the Ottoman Sephardim,” Ben-Zvi Institute lecture series on Sephardi Jewry, 13 April 1992

“ The crystallization of Judezmo” (in Hebrew), Lecture Series on the History and Culture of Sephardic Jewry, Ben-Zvi Institute, 12 February 1992.

“On the names for Judezmo” (in Hebrew), Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University, 13 December 1991

“Linguistic notes on the Judezmo komplas (in Hebrew). Yom Iyun on Judeo-Spanish Language and Heritage, Town Council, Maaleh Adumim, 5 December 1991.

“Tres modelos de traducción de la Biblia en ladino en la Italia renacentista,” Simposio Internacional Sobre la Biblia de Ferrara, Sevilla, 15-28 November 1991

“Observations on Judezmo language and literature,” International Congress on the Culture of Sephardi Jewry, Michlelet Levinski, Tel-Aviv, 1-4 July 1991

“The Ottoman Sephardim and the ‘Language Question’,” Conference on Sephardi and Oriental Jewry in Modern Times, Jewish Theological Seminary of America--Seminary of Judaic Studies, Jerusalem, 13-16 January 1991

“The Flowering of the Judezmo Language” (in Hebrew), Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem, 21 May 1990

“Observations on Rabbinical Judezmo texts,” Third International Congress for the Study of Sephardi and Oriental Jewry, Hebrew University, 3-7 July 1988

“La lengua de los sefardíes,” La Lengua Viva: Ciclo de Conferencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, 24 May 1988

“Hebrew and Aramaic Elements in Judezmo” (in Hebrew), Conference on Hebrew and Aramaic Elements in Jewish Languages, Haifa University, 23-24 March 1988

“Linguistic and literary characteristics of Modern Rabbinical Judezmo” (in Hebrew), Center for Jewish Languages and Literatures, Hebrew University, 26 January 1988

“The dialect of the Old Yišuv Sephardic community in Jerusalem: A preliminary linguistic analysis,” Third International Congress for the Study of the Heritage of Sephardi and Oriental Jewry, Jerusalem, Misgav Yerushalayim, 23-28 December 1984

“Towards a diachronic analysis of Judezmo orthography,” Litterae Judaeorum in Terra Hispanica: Colloquium Hierosolymitanum, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 26-28 June 1984

“The Ladino and Yiddish translation languages: New tasks for research” (in Hebrew), Jewish Language Lecture Series, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 28 May 1984

“Balkan elements in the Nineteenth Century Judezmo Writings of R. Eliezer b. Šem Tov Papo of Sarajevo,” International Symposium: Diachronic and Synchronic Aspects of the Contacts between Slavic and Jewish Languages, Hebrew University, 1-5 April 1984

“The periodization of Judezmo,” Seminar sponsored by the Department of Linguistics, Tel-Aviv University, 20 October 1982

“Two neglected sources of data for the comparative study of Yiddish and Judezmo,” 53rd Annual YIVO Conference (Jewish Communities: Past and Present), YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, New York, 10-13 November 1979

“Progress report: A comparative linguistic analysis of Judezmo and Yiddish,” Conference on Research in Yiddish Language and Literature, Oxford Centre for Postgraduate Hebrew Studies, Oxford, 6-9 August 1979

“Judezmo language and literature: An experiment at Columbia University,” First International Congress for the Study of the Heritage of Sephardi and Oriental Jewry, Jerusalem, Misgav Yerushalayim, 25-30 June 1978

“Toward a comparative linguistic analysis of Judezmo and Yiddish,” Ninth Annual Conference of the Association for Jewish Studies,” Boston, 18-20 December 1977

“Response to ‘Ladino language and literature’, Association for Jewish Studies Regional Conference, New York, New York University, 14 April 1975

After completing a doctoral program in linguistics at Columbia University in 1980 I joined the faculty of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where I was invited to establish a program in Judezmo (Ladino) studies. Since then, in my university courses and research publications, I have used an interdisciplinary approach combining the tools of linguistics, sociolinguistics and Jewish studies, in an effort to shed light on the salient features of the Judezmo language and its literature. In particular, I have focused on Judezmo as a reflection of the unique Sephardic Jewish experience, and as a language sharing features with other Jewish languages such as Yiddish. During the past twenty-five years, the consistent lack of interest in Jewish languages demonstrated by the major journals in general linguistics has led to the establishment, in Israel and abroad, of journals and collective volumes devoted entirely or partially to Jewish language research, and it is in them that most of my research has appeared.  My early work was primarily of an empirical nature, intended, within the context of “salvage linguistics,” to document and analyze Judezmo as an “endangered language.” In recent years I have also focused on theoretical issues, including the Judezmo writing system as a symbol of religio-national identity (#49 in the attached publications list), and the theoretical implications of the use of Hebraisms in Jewish languages such as Judezmo, Haketia and Yiddish (#37, 50).

          My earliest publications laid the groundwork for much of my subsequent research. Sephardic Studies (#3) is the first comprehensive bibliography on the subject arranged thematically. In “Problems” ( #41) I outlined the fields of Judezmo linguistic research which I had then considered to be the most worthy of pursuing, and to which I subsequently dedicated dozens of publications.

          I have always tried to formulate my analysis of specific features of the language against a broad backdrop of the social and cultural history of speakers of Judezmo (treated in “Culture,” #36), which I perceive to be an independent language that evolved from the Middle Ages through the modern era primarily as a result of negative linguistic accommodation or intentional dissimilation (discussed in “Theory,” #50), internal dynamics, and the interaction of the speakers with a variety of co-territorial peoples and their languages (Voices from Jewish Salonika, #6, pp. 89-122). I offered a general characterization of the language, and defined its chief historical periods, in “Language” (#15).

          Some of my work focused on the linguistic and literary features characteristic of outstanding works composed in diverse historical periods. I drew attention to some of the earliest evidence of typically Judezmo phonology in “Characteristics” (#21). A survey of distinctive features of the language before and shortly following the Expulsion of the Jews from Spain was offered in “Circa 1492” (#48). The rabbinical variety of Judezmo, which predominated through the 19th century, was analyzed in “Yaakov Avinu” (#44). In “Haim” (#46) I appraised the contributions of a popular rabbinical scholar who may aptly be called the “father of Modern Judezmo literature.” The rise of the Judezmo press and the innovative, secular linguistic variety in which most of it was written, were the focus of “Newspapers” (#43). In “Introducción” (#16) I analyzed an unpublished, turn-of-the-century proverb collection illustrating the salient linguistic features of Modern Judezmo.

          Sociolinguistic problems confronting the Judezmo speech community as it underwent modernization and westernization in the 19^th century were analyzed in “Rôles” (#17), “Language Question” (#19) and “Modernization” (#27-28). The singular importance of Salonika as a center of popular Sephardic culture and “Judezmist” ideology was discussed in “Judezmism” (#31). Voices from Jewish Salonika (#6) offers a book-length, interdisciplinary analysis of an extensive series of satirical texts from the Judezmo press, examined from linguistic, socio-historical and literary-folkloristic perspectives. The book has been well received by scholars, and greeted with enthusiasm by the Jews of Salonika.

          The diachronic development of distinctive structural features of Judezmo were analyzed in several articles. Having offered a preliminary analysis of Modern Judezmo orthography in Guide (#2), I presented a diachronic review in “Orthography” (#38), examined the Judezmo writing system as a symbol of religio-national identity in “Writing” (#49), and offered insights into the Romanization of Judezmo in “Reforms” (#32). In “Plural Formation” (#13), “Diminutives” (#29), and “Theory of Animate Nouns” (#50) I presented diachronic analyses of three unique features of Judezmo morphology.

          As is true of most languages, in addition to its linguistic variation which can be connected with diachronic development, Judezmo exhibits internal variation correlating with geographic location. My 1975 MA. thesis was a contribution Toward a Linguistic and Cultural Geography of Judezmo. I reviewed the literature on that subject in “Geography” (#12). In “Jerusalem Dialect” (#14) I analyzed the major features of regional Judezmo in Erets Yisrael, which had previously been ignored by scholars. In “Erets Yisrael” (#30) I added sociolinguistic and historical observations on the Jerusalem dialect.

          Some of the most intriguing types of variation found among Judezmo speakers correlate with the social stratification of the speech community. I analyzed relevant factors in “Variation” (#40).

          My entrée into the world of Judezmo linguistics was through Yiddish linguistics, which has been an interest of mine since childhood. Uriel Weinreich’s College Yiddish was the gateway through which many Yiddish scholars of my generation entered their profession, and through which I entered mine. In 1999 I published Judezmo: An Introduction to the Language of the Ottoman Sephardim (#7, Hebrew), which is a parallel college-level introduction to Judezmo grammar, based on 20 years of research; it is preceded by a lengthy analysis of the history of the language, and accompanied by graded readings and a bilingual dictionary. I hope it, and the English translation now in preparation, will acquaint new generations with the linguistic and literary richness of Judezmo and attract young scholars to its study.

          In several publications I have analyzed facets of Judezmo comparatively, within the broader framework of the ‘Jewish language’ phenomenon, e.g., in “Comparative” (#39), “Langues” (#33), “Modern Era” (#27), “Greek” (#34), and “Greece” (#35). One of the general features Jewish languages share is a highly archaizing, calque variety employed in translating sacred texts. In “Ladinar” (#18) I contributed to the study of this phenomenon among Judezmo speakers through a comparative analysis of previously ignored texts. In “Translating” (#20) I called attention to the primarily oral nature of this tradition, overlooked by earlier scholars. The general development of the literatures of some Jewish languages have been affected by that in others; one such case—the influence of Yiddish literature on the literary evolution of Judezmo, was analyzed in “Rencontres” (#22).

          Jewish languages also exhibit certain parallels in their lexical structures. For one thing, all have been enriched by contributions from Hebrew and Aramaic, a subject focused on in my doctoral dissertation (#1). In 1993 (#4) I published a comprehensive corpus of the Hebraisms in Modern Judezmo, preceded by a detailed historical review of Hebraisms in pre-modern Judezmo. The characteristic use among Judezmo speakers of Hebrew and Aramaic elements in the creation of satire was analyzed in “Satire” (#47). The small but distinctive corpus of Hebraisms in Judezmo Bible-translation texts was studied in “Hešeq Šelomo” (#23). In “Alkalay” (#26) I discussed the use of Hebraisms in the writings of Rabbi Judah Alkalay, and his little-known contributions to the propagation of Modern Hebrew.

          Yet another distinctive feature of Jewish languages is their lexical enrichment through contact with the languages of co-territorial peoples. I analyzed Serbian elements in Yugoslavian Judezmo in “Slavisms” (#25). In 2000 a grant from the Israel Science Foundation enabled me to undertake A Lexicon of the Turkish Elements in Modern Judezmo. In 2003 an additional grant from the I.S.F. permitted me to begin a four-year supplemental project which will add historical depth and sociolinguistic perspectives to the study. The final edition of the lexicon will cover the entire Ottoman Judezmo period, and will contain over 5,000 entries. I presented partial results of the preliminary findings of the project at five international congresses (2000-2004), and I plan to continue concentrating on this subject in coming years.

          My future research plans also include a deeper analysis of the theoretical issues discussed at the beginning of this biographic note, as well as further theoretical issues, particularly accommodation theory as an alternative explanation for the rise and evolution of Ottoman Judezmo. I expect my work with these issues to culminate in a book-length work which will present the development of Judezmo in an entirely new light.