Caspar Levias Chair in Ancient Semitic Languages
Education: Harvard University, A.B. 1978, Ph.D. 1984
Research Interests: Biblical Hebrew, Dead Sea Scrolls, Aramaic Dialectology, Northwest Semitic, Semitic Philology
Contact information:
Office: Humanities 6121
Phone: (02) 588-3565
Fax: (02) 532-3182
E-mail: fassberg@huji.ac.il
Member, The Academy of the Hebrew Language, Jerusalem
Associate Editor, The Historical Dictionary of the Hebrew Language project, The Academy of the Hebrew Language
Associate Editor, Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics. Leiden: Brill, 2013.
Acting Provost, The School for Overseas Students, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Spring semester 1998
Associate Dean of the Faculty of Humanities, 2004-2005
Chair, Department of Hebrew Language 1998-2001, 2006-2009
Director, Orion Center for the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Associated Literature, 2006-2009
Academic Head, Revivim Honors Program for the Training of Jewish Studies Teachers, 2014-
1991-1992 Visiting Scholar, Center for Jewish Studies, Harvard University
1996-1997 Visiting Professor, Department of Semitic and Egyptian
Languages, Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C.
1996-197 Visiting Scholar, Hebraic Division, Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C.
Fall 2009 Joseph Gregory McCarthy Visiting Professor, Pontifical Biblical
Institute, Rome
Spring 2009 Visiting Professor, Jewish Theological Seminary of America, New
York
Publications
a. Books
A Grammar of the Palestinian Targum Fragments from the Cairo Genizah. Harvard Semitic Studies 38. Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press, 1990. 322 pages.
Studies in the Syntax of Biblical Hebrew (סוגיות בתחביר המקרא). Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1994. 202 pp. (in Hebrew)
The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Challa. Semitic Languages and Linguistics 54.
b. Articles
“Determined Forms of the Cardinal Number 'One' in Three Pentateuchal Targumim,”
Sefarad 45 (1985) 207-215.
“Topics in the Aramaic of the Palestinian Targum Fragments in the Light of Comparative Data,” Proceedings of the Ninth World Congress of Jewish Studies. Division D, 1:17-22. Jerusalem, 1988 (in Hebrew).
“Miscellanea in Western Aramaic,” Language Studies (מחקרים בלשון) 2-3 (1987) 199-206 (in Hebrew).
“Supralinear > and ˆ in Palestinian Pointed Manuscripts of Hebrew and Aramaic from the Cairo Geniza,”ןמ Working with no Data: Semitic and Egyptian Studies Presented to Thomas O. Lambdin, 75-103. Ed. D. Golomb. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1987.
“The Origin of the Ketib/Qere in the Aramaic Portions of Ezra and Daniel,” Vetus Testamentum 29 (1989) 1-12.
“Language Processes,” Leshonenu La'am 40-41 (1989-1990) 146-150 (in Hebrew). Translated into Korean in Studies on Ancient Hebrew: A Collection of Hebrew Articles from Hebrew into Korean, trans. Chang-Mo Choi and Mi-Sop Park. Seoul: Konkuk University, 2001.
“Purpose Constructions in Biblical Hebrew,” Proceedings of the Tenth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Division D, 1:7-14. Jerusalem, 1990 (in Hebrew).
“Negative Purpose Clauses in Biblical Hebrew: ולא יקטל and פן יקטל,” in Chaim Rabin Festschrift, 108-123. Ed. S. Morag, S. Kogut & M. Goshen-Gottstein. Jerusalem: Academon, 1990 (in Hebrew).
“Aramaic,” in Semitic Languages, 78-104. Biblical Encyclopaedia Library. Ed. C. Rabin. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1991 (in Hebrew). Translated into Korean in Studies on Ancient Hebrew: A Collection of Hebrew Articles from Hebrew into Korean, trans. Chang-Mo Choi and Mi-Sop Park. Seoul: Konkuk University, 2001.
“Hebraisms in the Aramaic Documents from Qumran,” Studies in
“The Adverbials מיד and על יד על יד in Rabbinic Hebrew,” Language Studies (מחקרים בלשון) 5-6 (1992) 315-326 (in Hebrew).
“The Compound Preposition לעל in Qumran Aramaic,” Revue de Qumran 16 (1994) 473-474.
“Lamedh-Yodh Verbs in Palestinian Targumic Aramaic,” in Studia Aramaica, 43-52. Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement 4. Ed. M.J. Geller, J.C. Greenfield & M.P. Weitzman. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
“The Orthography of the Relative Pronoun שה- in the Second Temple Period,” Language Studies (מחקרים בלשון) 7 (1995) 109-118 (in Hebrew).
“The Orthography of the Relative pronoun שה- in the Second Temple and Mishnaic Periods,” Scripta Classica Israelica 15 [1996] 240-250.
“The Noun Pattern מקטוי in Palestinian Targumic Aramaic,” in Studies in Hebrew and Jewish Languages Presented to Shelomo Morag, 151-161. Ed. M. Bar-Asher. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1996 (in Hebrew).
“The Pronominal Suffix of the Second Feminine Singular in the Aramaic Texts from the
“Translations of 'Water' in Targum Pseudo-Jonathan,” Massorot: Studies in Language Traditions and Jewish Languages 9-11 (1997) 483-494 (in Hebrew).
“The Lengthened Imperative קָטְלָה and the Regular Imperative קְטֹל in Biblical Hebrew,” Hebrew Through the Ages in Memory of Shoshanna Bahat [Studies in Language II], 71-77. Ed. M. Bar-Asher. Jerusalem: Academy of Hebrew Language, 1997 (in Hebrew). Translated into Korean in Linguistic Studies in Biblical and Post-Biblical Hebrew: A Collection of Articles Translated from Hebrew into Korean, trans. Mi-Sop Park. Seoul: Han DL, 1999.
“On the Syntax of Dependent Clauses in the Book of Ben Sira,” in The Hebrew of the
“Clauses of Purpose and Intended Result in Mishnaic Hebrew,” Scripta Hierosolymitana 37 (1998) 151-163.
“On Syntax and Style in Ben Sira: Word Order,” in Sirach, Scrolls, and Sages: Proceedings of a Second International Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Ben Sira, and the Mishnah, held at Leiden University, 15-17 December 1997, 117-131. Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 33. Ed. T. Muraoka & J.F. Elwolde. Leiden: Brill, 1999.
“Is Pael and Intensive/Plural Form of Peal in Syriac?: The Evidence from the Syriac New Testament,” Journal Asiatique 287 (1999) 395-431.
“The Linguistic Study of the Damascus Document: A Historical Perspective,” in Proceedings of the International Symposium, February 1998, on the Damascus Document: A Centennial of Discovery, 53-67. Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 34. Ed. J.M. Baumgarten, E.G. Chazon & A. Pinnick. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
“The Syntax of the Biblical Documents from the Judean Desert as Reflected in a Comparison of Multiple Copies of Biblical Texts,” in Diggers at the Well: Proceedings of a Third International Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sira, 94-109. Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 36. Ed. T. Muraoka & J. F. Elwolde. Leiden, 2000.
“A Contribution of Western Neo-Aramaic to Aramaic Lexicology: RHṬ/RWṬ and RḤˤ,” Journal of Semitic Studies 45 (2000) 277-291.
“The 1st Sg. Suffix –ay in Western Neo-Aramaic: A Historical Perspective,” Orientalia 70 (2001) 277-291.
“The Alternation of the Stems Etpeel/Etpaal in Syriac,” Lěšonénu 63 (2000-2001) 247-278 (in Hebrew).
“The Movement from Qal to Piˤˤel in Hebrew and the Disappearance of the Qal Internal Passive,” Hebrew Studies 42 (2001) 243-255.
“Why Doesn’t Melex Appear as Ma:lex in Pause in Tiberian Hebrew?” Lěšonénu 64 (2002) 207-219 (in Hebrew).
“Qumran Aramaic,” Maarav 9 (2002) 19-31.
“Recent Research in Biblical Hebrew,” Thirteenth World Congress of Jewish Studies,
“The Preference for Lengthened Forms in Qumran Hebrew,” Meghillot: Studies in the
“A Family History Told in the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Zakho,” in Hamlet on a Hill: Semitic and Greek Studies Presented to Professor T. Muraoka on the Occasion of his Sixty-Fifth Birthday, 191-213. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 188. Ed. M.F.J. Baasten & W.Th. Van Peursen. Leuven: Peeters, 2003.
“Languages of the Bible,” The Jewish Study Bible, 2062-2067. Ed. A. Berlin & M.Z. Brettler. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
“‘A Loyal Business Partner’: A Story Told in the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Zakho,” in Verbum et Calamus: Semitic and Related Studies in Honour of the Sixtieth Birthday of Professor Tapani Harviainen, 41-51. Studia Orientalia 99. Ed. H. Juusola, J. Laulainen & H. Palva. Helsinki: Finnish Oriental Society, 2004.
“The Language of the Aramaic Documents from Qumran,” Meghillot: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls 2 (2004) 169-184 (in Hebrew).
“הבה נתחכמה לו = ‘Let us Overpower Him’,” Lěšonénu 66 (2004) 387-388 (in Hebrew).
“Lexical Investigations in Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: Is There a Shift of ˀAleph to ˤAyin?,” in Samaritan, Hebrew and Aramaic Studies Presented to Professor Abraham Tal, pp. 243-256. Ed. M. Bar-Asher & M. Florentin. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 2005 (in Hebrew).
“Sequences of Positive Commands in Biblical Hebrew: לך אמר, לך ואמרת, הלוך ואמרת” in Biblical Hebrew in Its Northwest Semitic Setting: Typological and Historical Perspectives, 51-64. Publications of the Institute for Advanced Studies 1. Ed. S. E. Fassberg & A. Hurvitz. Jerusalem/Winona Lake, Indiana: Magnes Press/ Eisenbrauns, 2006.
“Infinitival Forms in Aramaic,” Historical Linguistics 2005: Selected Papers from the 17th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Madison, Wisconsin, 31 July – 5 August 2005, 239-256. Amsterdam Studies in the Theory and History of Linguistic Sciences: Series IV – Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 284. Ed. J.C. Salmons & S. Dubenion-Smith.
“Collective Nouns in Old Aramaic,” Sha'arei Lashon: Studies in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Jewish Languages Presented toMoshe Bar-Asher, I:426-434. Ed. A. Maman, S. E. Fassberg & Y. Breuer. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 2007 (in Hebrew).
“The Infinitive Absolute as Finite Verb and Standard Literary Hebrew of the Second Temple Period,” in Conservatism and Innovation in the Hebrew Language of the Hellenistic Period: Proceedings of a Fourth International Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls & Ben Sira, 47-60. Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 73. Ed. J. Joosten & J.-S. Rey. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
“The Overlap in Use Between the Infinitive Construct and the Infinitive Absolute in Biblical Hebrew,” in Shai Le-Sara Japhet: Studies in the Bible, Its Exegesis and Its Language, 187-192. Ed. M. Bar-Asher et al. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 2007 (in Hebrew).
“The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Challa,” in Neo-Aramaic Dialect Studies: Proceedings of a Workshop on Neo-Aramaic held in Cambridge 2005, 65-74. Gorgias Neo-Aramaic Studies 1. Ed. G. Khan.
“The Forms of Son and Daughter in Aramaic,” in Aramaic in Its Historical and Linguistic Setting, 41-53. Ed. H. Gzella & M. Folmer. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission 50. Wiesbaden: Harassowitz, 2008 .
“Suppletive Noun Paradigms in Tiberian Hebrew,” Lěšonénu 70 (2008) 39-54 (in Hebrew).
“Pdr in Ugaritic and Its Semitic Congeners,” Language Studies (מחקרים בלשון) 11-12 (2008) 261-268 (in Hebrew).
“בר 'Son' in Aramaic,” in Zaphenath-Paneah: Linguistic Studies Presented to Elisha Qimron on the Occasion of His Sixty-Fifth Birthday, 361-370. Ed. D. Sivan, D. Talshir & C. Cohen. Beer Sheva: Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Press, 2009 (in Hebrew).
“Vowel Dissimilation in Plural Pronouns in Biblical Hebrew,” Orientalia 78 (2010) 326-335.
“Salient Features of the Verbal System in the Aramaic Dead Sea Scrolls,” in Aramaica Qumranica: Proceedings of the Conference on the Aramaic Texts from Qumran at Aix en Provence 30 June – 2 July 2008, 65-77. Ed. K. Berthelot & D. Stökl Ben Ezra. Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 94. Leiden: Brill, 2010.
“The Language of the Bible,” 87-104 in Zipora Talshir, ed., The Literature of the Hebrew Bible: Introductions and Studies. Jerusalem: Yad Ben-Zvi Press, 2011 (in Hebrew).
“The Dead Sea Scrolls and Their Contribution to the Study of Hebrew and Aramaic,” in The Dead Sea Scrolls in Context: Integrating the Dead Sea Scrolls in the Study of Ancient Texts, Languages, and Cultures, Vienna, February 11–14, 127-139. Vetus Testamentum Supplements 140. Ed. A. Lange, E. Tov & M. Weigold. Leiden: Brill, 2011.
“The Shift from qal to piel in the Book of Qoheleth,” 123-127, in Ἐν πάσῃ γραμματικῇ καὶ σοφίᾳ. Saggi di linguistica ebraica in onore di Alviero Niccacci, ofm. Ed. G. Gregor in collaborazione con M. Pazzini. Milano: Edizioni Terra Santa, 2011.
“Did Final ī > ē in the Language of Naḥal Ṣeˀelim 13?” Lešonenu 74 (2012) 95-107 (in Hebrew)
“The Kethiv/Qere הִוא, Diachrony, and Dialectology,” 171-189, in Diachrony in Biblical Hebrew. Ed. C. L. Miller-Naudé & Ziony Zevit. Eisenbrauns: Winona Lake, Indiana, 2012.
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“Gesenius' Dictionary and the Development of Aramaic Studies,” 169-183, in Biblische Exegese und hebräische Lexikographie. Das ‘Hebräisch-deutsche Handwörterbuch’ von Wilhelm Gesenius also Spiegel and Quelle alttestamentlicher und hebräischer Forschung, 200 Jahre nach seiner ersten Auflage. Ed. S. Schorch & E.-J. Waschke. Beihefte zur Zeitschrift fuer die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 427. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2013.
“Does Peal Shift to Pael in Biblical Aramaic?,” 153-158, in Nitˤe Ilan: Studies in Hebrew and Related Fields Presented to Ilan Eldar. Ed. M. Bar-Asher & I. Meir. Jerusalem: Carmel, 2014.
c. Reviews
M. Bar-Asher, The Tradition of Mishnaic Hebrew in the Communities of
M. L. Klein, Genizah Manuscripts of Palestinian Targum to the Pentateuch, 2 vols. (Cincinnati, 1986), in Tarbiz 57 (1988) 451-460 (in Hebrew).
M. Sokoloff, A Dictionary of Jewish Palestinian Aramaic (Ramat-Gan, 1990), in Kiryat Sefer 64 (1992-1993) 763-768 (in Hebrew).
W. Arnold, Das Neuwestaramäische: I. Texte aus Baxˤa (Wiesbaden, 1989), in Mediterranean Language Review 6-7 (Wiesbaden, 1993) 266-269.
K. Jongeling, H.L. Murre-van den Berg & L. van Rompay, eds., Studies in Hebrew and Aramaic Syntax Presented to Professor J. Hoftijzer (Leiden, 1991), in Abr-Nahrain 31 (1993) 137-141.
D.J.A. Clines, The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, Volume 1: א (Sheffield, 1993), in Dead Sea Discoveries 2 (1995) 355-357.
S.A. Kaufman and M. Sokoloff, A Key-Word-in-Context Concordance to Targum Neofiti (Baltimore, 1993), in Journal of the American Oriental Society 116 (1996) 145-147.
Y. Sabar, The Book of Deuteronomy in Neo-Aramaic in the Dialect of the Jewish Community of Zakho, Including Selected Texts in Other Neo-Aramaic Dialects and a Glossary (Jerusalem, 1994), in Journal of Semitic Studies 42 (1997) 169-171.
A. Dotan & A. Tal, eds., Studies in Hebrew Language: In Memory of Eliezer Rubinstein (Teˤuda 9), in Journal of Semitic Studies 42 (1997) 426-428.
W. Arnold & P. Behnstedt, Arabisch-Aramäische Sprachbeziehungen im Qalamūn (Syrien) (Wiesbaden, 1993), inOrientalistische Literaturzeitung 92 (1997) 707-711.
J. Kaltner, The Use of Arabic in Biblical Hebrew (Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series 28; Washington, D.C. 1996), in Jewish Quarterly Review 89 (1998) 191-193.
J. L. Malone, Tiberian Hebrew Phonology (Winona Lake, Indiana, 1993), in Journal of Near Eastern Studies 57 (1999) 66-67.
M. Pérez Fernández, An Introductory Grammar of Rabbinic Hebrew (Leiden, 1997), in Jewish Quarterly Review 89 (1999) 415-419.
S. R. Driver, A Treatise on the Use of the Tenses in Hebrew and Some Other Syntactical Questions with an Introductory Essay by W. Randall Garr (Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1998), in Jewish Quarterly Review 90 (1999) 170-172.
Z. Zevit, The Anterior Construction in Classical Hebrew (SBL Monograph Series 50; Atlanta,1998), in Jewish Quarterly Review 90 (222) 451-453.
W. Gross, Die Satzteilfolge im Verbalsatz alttestamentlicher Prosa (Tübingen, 1996), in Journal of Semitic Studies inJournal of Semitic Studies 45 (2000) 361-363.
S.L. Gogel, A Grammar of Epigraphic Hebrew (SBL Resources for Biblical Study 23; Atlanta, 1998), in Journal of the American Oriental Society 120 (2000) 647-649.
G. Khan, A Grammar of Neo-Aramaic: The Dialect of the Jews of Arbel (HdO 47; Leiden, 1999), in Pe’amim: Studies in Oriental Jewry 84 (2000) 159-163 (in Hebrew).
M. Sokoloff & J. Yahalom, Jewish Palestinian Aramaic Poetry from Late Antiquity (Jerusalem, 1999), in Lěšonénu 64 (2002) 157-164 (in Hebrew).
C. Rabin, The Development of the Syntax of Post-Biblical Hebrew (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics 29; Leiden, 2000), in Journal of Semitic Studies 47 (2002) 318-320.
F.E. Greenspahn, An Introduction to Aramaic (SBLRBS 38; Atlanta, 1999) in Journal of the American Oriental Society 122 (2002) 901-902.
J. Rosenhouse & A. Elad-Bouskila, eds., Linguistic and Cultural Studies on Arabic and Hebrew|: Essays Presented to Moshe Piamenta for his Eightieth Birthday (Wiesbaden 2001), in Lěšonénu 66 (2004) 159-161 (in Hebrew).
J.C. Greenfield, ˤAl Kanfei Yonah: Collected Studies of Jonas C. Greenfield on Semitic Philology (
Meghillot: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls, Vols. 1-4 in Lěšonénu 69 (2007) 171-174 (in Hebrew).
H. Mutzafi, The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Koy Sanjaq (Iraqi Kurdistan) (Semitica Viva 32; Wiesbaden, 2004), inPe'amim: Studies in Oriental Jewry 113 (2008) 209-211 (in Hebrew).
L. Edzard & J. Retsö, eds., Current Issues in the Analysis of Semitic Grammar Lexicon I: Oslo-Göteborg Cooperation 3rd-5thJune 2004 (Wiesbaden, 2005), in Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam 33 (2007) 513-518.
E.M. Cook, A Glossary of Targum Onkelos According to Alexander Sperber’s Edition (Studies in Aramaic Interpretation of Scripture 6; Leiden, 2008), in Aramaic Studies 7 (2009) 97-99.
J.H. Petermann, The Great Treasure or Great Book Commonly Called “The Book of Adam”: The Mandaeans' Work of Highest Authority, with a New Introduction by Charles Häberl (Piscataway, NJ, 2007), in Journal of Jewish Studies 60 (2009) 351-352.
W.W. Fields, The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Full History. Volume 1 (Leiden, 2009), in Journal of Jewish Studies 62 (2011) 151-154.
S. Talay, Die neuaramäischen Dialekte der Khabur-Assyrer in Nordostsyrien: Einführung, Phonologie und Morphologie (Semitica Viva 40; Wiesbaden 2008), in Lešonenu 73(2011) 507-512 (in Hebrew).
L. Kahn, The Verbal System in Late Enlightenment Hebrew (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics 55; Leiden, 2009), in Journal of Semitic Studies 57 (2012) 429-431.
d. Encyclopedia and Dictionary Entries:
revision and updating of the entries “Aramaic,” “Neo-Aramaic,” and “Semitic Languages,” in Encyclopaedia Judaica, eds. M. Berenbaum and F. Skolnik. 2nd ed.
“Hypocoristic Names,” in The New Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible, 2:924-925.
“Assimilation,” “Dissimilation,” “Pausal Forms,” “Cohortative”, “Imperative,” “Damascus Document,” “Dead Sea Scrolls,” “Sandhi in Modern Hebrew,” “Affixation, Pre-Modern,” “Moabite and Hebrew,” in Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics. Editor-in-chief G. Khan. Leiden: Brill, 2013.
e. Edited Volumes
Assistant Editor, Studies in Mishnaic Hebrew, Scripta Hierosolymitana 37 (1998). 467 pp. [M. Bar-Asher, Editor]
English editor of Z. Ben-Ḥayyim, A Grammar of Samaritan Hebrew Based on the Recitation of the Law in Comparison with the Tiberian and Other Jewish Traditions. Jerusalem/Winona Lake, Indiana: Magnes Press/Eisenbrauns, 2000. 491 pp. + XVIII.
Biblical Hebrew in Its Northwest Semitic Setting: Typological and Historical Perspectives. Jerusalem 2006. 324 pp. [with A. Hurvitz]
Language Studies 8 (2001). 335 pp. + XXI [with A. Maman]
Language Studies 9 (2003). 277 pp. + XVI [with A. Maman]
Language Studies 10 (2005). 200 pp. + XVI [with A. Maman]
Shaˤarei Lashon: Studies in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Jewish Languages Presented to Moshe Bar-Asher. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 2007. 3 vols., 1780 pp. [with A. Maman & Y. Breuer]
Language Studies 11-12 (2008; Avi Hurvitz Festschrift). 308 pp. + XXIV [with A. Maman]
Language Studies 13 (2011). 288 pp. [with A. Maman].
Language Studies 14-15 (2013). 316 pp. + XIV [with A. Maman].
Hebrew in the Second Temple Period: The Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Other Contemporary Sources. Proceedings of the Twelfth International Symposium of the Orion Center for the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Associated Literature and the Fifth International Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sira, Jointly Sponsored by the Eliezer Ben-Yehuda Center for the Study of the History of the Hebrew Language, 29-31 December, 2008. Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 108. Leiden: Brill, 2013. 310 pp. + [with M. Bar-Asher & R.A. Clement