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1. Abroad

   1972 -- "The Development of Gauguins's Style," Courtauld Institute, London.

   1972 -- "Gauguin's Primitivism," Courtauld Institute, London.

   1972 -- "Gauguin's Symbolism," Cambridge University.

   1972 -- "Gauguin and Tahiti," Cambridge University.

   1975 -- "The Influence of the Holocaust on Art," Jewish Museum, New York.

   1975 -- "Chagall," Jewish Museum, New York.

   1987 -- "Chagall and Jewish Iconography," International Symposium on Marc Chagall, University of Texas, Austin.

   1988 -- "Christological Symbolism of the Holocaust," Remembering for the Future, Oxford.

   1989 -- "Gauguin: Dualisme Iconographique et Stylistique," Colloque Gauguin, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.

   1989 -- "Gauguin: Dualism and Dialectical Synthesis," Symposium on Van Gogh and Gauguin, Psychoanalytic Society, New York University.

   1989 -- "Van Gogh and Gauguin," New York University.

   1989 -- "Paul Gauguin: Visiteur ou Resident?," Rencontres Gauguin à Tahiti, Musée Gauguin, Papeete.

   1989 -- "The Influence of the Holocaust on Abstract Art," Jewish Museum, New York.

   1990 -- "Picasso and Giacometti: The Influence of the Holocaust," Art Institute of Chicago.

   1990 -- "Jewish Artists of the Twentieth Century," Art Institute of Chicago.

   1990 -- "Etienne-Jules Marey: His "Photographs of Time" and their Impact on Twentieth Century Art," Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill.

   1991 -- "The Problem of Identity  in Jewish Art," Nahum Goldman Fellowship, Memorial Foundation for Jewish Culture, Moscow.

   1992 -- "Jewish Identity in Russia and Eastern Europe" and "The Problem of Jewish Identity in American Art" in Jewish Art Past and Present, Amsterdam Summer University, Amsterdam.

   1992 -- "The Influence of Russian Folk Art on Jewish Art", Joods Historisch Museum, Amsterdam.

   1993 -- "Orientalism in Modern Art," Universidad Iberoamericana, Lomas de Santa Fe, Mexico.

   1993 -- "The Influence of Primitive Art on Gauguin," Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas, Mexico City.

   1993 -- "The Influence of Primitive Art on Gauguin," Universidad Anahuac, Mexico City.

   1993 -- "Holocaust, Art and Jewish Identity," Kehila Ashkenazi, Mexico City.

   1993 -- "Jewish Identity in Modern Art," WIZO, Mexico City.

   1993 -- "Jewish Artists in the Twentieth Century," Bet-El Synagogue, Mexico City.

   1993 -- "Jewish In-Jokes in Chagall's Art," lecture to Mexican artists at home of Natalia Zajarias, Mexico City.

   1994 -- "Anti-Semitism, Persecution and Art: The Influenceof Anti-Semitism on Jewish Identity," Symposium on Visual Art and Jewish Identity: A Contemporary Experience, The Saidye Bronfman Centre for the Arts, Montreal.

   1994 -- "Sense and/or Absence of Place: The Concept of Land and Belonging in Israeli Art," Symposiumon Visual Art and Jewish Identity: A Contemporary Experience, The Saidye Bronfman Centre for the Arts, Montreal.

   1994 -- "The Jewish Artist as Outcast," Fifth Congress of the European Association for Jewish Studies, Copenhagen.

   1995 -- "Reactions to the Holocaust in German and Israeli Art," University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

   1995 -- "The Jewish Artistic Renaissance in Russia," Hartford Stage Company, Hartford, Connecticut.

   1995 -- "Artistic Interpretations of the Moral Questions Raised by the Holocaust," Tufts College, Boston.

   1995 -- "Antisemitism, Persecution and the Arts: A Complex Relationship," Between Politics and Aesthetics: The Historical Events of the Holocaust and their Representation in Art and Film, Center for Jewish Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.  

   1995 -- "Depiction and Interpretation: The Influence of the Holocaust on   the Visual Arts," Between Politics and Aesthetics: The Historical Events of the Holocaust and their Representation in Art and Film, Center for Jewish Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

   1995 -- "Confrontation and/or Reconciliation:  The Work of Two Artists, The German Anselm Kiefer and the Israeli Haim Maor," 25th Annual Conference on the Holocaust and the Churches: Remembrance, Repentance, Reconciliation, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.

   1995 -- "Before and After: Intimations of and Reactions to the Holocaust in French Art," After Auschwitz: The Influence of the Holocaust of the Visual Arts, Courtauld Institute of Art, London.

   1995 -- "Contemporary Jewish Art in the Context of World Culture," mini-course at the European Humanitarian University, Minsk.

   1995 -- "Jewish Identity in Modern Art," Jewish University, Minsk.               

   1995 -- "Depicting the Holocaust in the Visual Arts" and "Interpreting the Holocaust in the Visual Arts," Jewish Memory: Literature, Art and Museums, The Amsterdam Summer University, Amsterdam.

   1995 -- "Adam and Eve in Modern Art," The Old Testament as In­spiration in Culture, The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Charles University, Prague.

   1997 -- "Chagall the the Russian Avantgarde," Megaron Concert Hall, Athens.

   1997 -- "Jewish Art and the Emancipation," Amsterdam University, Amsterdam.

   1997 -- "Jewish Identity in American Art of the Twentieth Century," Jewish Museum, Amsterdam.

   1998 -- "Problems in Modern Jewish Art," series of 6 lectures, summer 1998, Institute for Jewish Education, St. Petersburg

    2000 -- "The Jewish Jesus and the Russian Pogroms," International Conference on Jewish Civilization in Eastern and Central Europe, Minsk

    2000 -- "German and Israeli Reactions to the Holocaust in Art," Examining Prejudice through Music, Art and Literature, Rutgers University, New Jersey.

   2000 -- "Ghosts: Strategies of Memory," College Art Association Conference, New York.

   2001 – “Haunting the Empty Place,” Shoah: Representation in Arts and Education, Katholieke Universiteit and Stichting Kunstenaarsverset 1942-1945, Nijmegen, Holland.

   2002 – “Chagall and the Jewish Theatre,” Joods Historisch Museum, Amsterdam.

   2002 – “Chagall’s Stained Glass Windows,” Bible Museum, Amsterdam.

   2002 – “Chagall’s Jewish Jesus,” Katholieke Theologische Universiteit, Utrecht.

2. In Israel

   1967-75 -- Development and direction of a series of lectures on Art History, Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

   1967 on -- Series of lectures on Modern Art, Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

   1976-93 -- Series of lectures on Modern Art, Tel Aviv Museum.

   1977 on -- Lectures on various aspects of Modern Jewish Art, Society for Jewish Art, Jerusalem.

   1983 on -- Series of lectures on the Influence of the Holocaust on the Visual Arts, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem.

   Individual lectures:

   1969 -- "Chagall and the Knesset -- Iconography and Sources of his work for Jerusalem's Parliament," The Fifth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.

   1970 -- "Gauguin," Haifa University.

   1973 -- "The Influence of the Holocaust on Painting and Sculpture," Study Circle on Diaspora Jewry under the auspices of the President of Israel.

   1973 -- "Lipchitz and Picasso: Thematic Interpenetrations,"The Sixth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.

   1977 -- "Steinhardt's Early Biblical Themes," The Seventh World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.

   1977 -- "Chagall," Tel Aviv University.

   1979 -- "The Influence of the Holocaust on Art," Museum of the Diaspora, Tel Aviv.

   1981 -- "The Jewish Jesus," The Eighth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.

   1981 -- "Chagall and Ardon: the Problematics of Modern Jewish Art," Judaism and Art, Kotlar Institute, Bar Ilan University.

   1985 -- "Ben Shahn and the Problem of Jewish Identity," Conference of the Israel Society of Art Historians, Jerusalem.

   1985 -- "The Use of Biblical Imagery to Interpret the Holocaust," The Ninth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.

   1988 -- "The Visual Arts as an Aid for Teaching about the Holocaust," Conference of the International Center for University Teaching of Jewish Civilization, Jerusalem.

   1989 -- "The Influence of the Holocaust on the Sculpture of Giacometti and César," International Conference on Psychoanalysis and Visual Art, Jerusalem.

   1990 -- "Chagall's Influence on the Yiddish and Hebrew Theatres in Moscow,"   International Conference on Mikhoels, the Yiddish Theatre and Soviet Jewry, Jerusalem.

   1991 -- "Barnett Newman's Jewish Symbolism," The Third International Seminar on Jewish Art, Jerusalem.

   1991 -- "Gauguin: Dualism and Synthesis," Conference on Art History in Honor of Professor Moshe Barasch, Jerusalem.

   1993 -- "Images of the Holocaust -- Collective Memory and Artistic Expression," Art and Society, lectures for se­nior officials of the Foreign Ministry, Israel Muse­um, Jerusalem.

   1993 -- "Chagall's Golgotha: Sources and Meanings," Eleventh World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.

   1993 -- "Who is the Real Chagall?" Symposium, Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

   1994 -- "Jewish Identity in Modern Art," Jewish Art: from Theory to Practice, The Kay Seminary for Education, Beersheba.

   1994 -- "Artistic Interpretations of the Moral Questions Raised by the Holocaust," Jerusalem Rainbow Group, Jerusalem.

   1994 -- "Israeli Reactions to the Holocaust in Art," Holocaust Education Planning Group, Beit Berl College.

   1994 -- "Identification, Memory and Continuity in the Art of Israeli Children of Survivors," The Fourth International Seminar on Jewish Art, Jerusalem.

   1994 -- Participant Lecturer in Elements of Jewish Identity in the General Culture, Jerusalem Municipality.

   1995 -- "The Response of German Art to the Holocaust," Art - Commemoration and Memory Colloquium, Tel Aviv University.

   1995 -- "Mechanical Man and Human Machine," Technology and Man, The Aryeh Yarus Society for the Development of Thinking and Study on Psychology and Society, Jerusalem.

   1995 -- "Demonization of the Other in the Visual Arts," The "Other" as Threat: Demonization and Antisemitism, The Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Anti­semitism, Jerusalem.

   1996 -- "Keren David -- The Horn of David," The Real and Ideal Jerusalem in Jewish, Christian and Islamic Art, Fifth International Seminar on Jewish Art, The Center for Jewish Art, Jerusalem.

   1996 -- "The Visual Arts as an aid for Teaching about the Ho­lo­caust at the Elementary and High School Levels," International Conference: The Holocaust in Education, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem.

   1997 -- "The Holocaust and the Wars of Israel in Israeli Art," "Eye Turned towards Zion": Art and Zionism, 29th Conference of the Society for Jewish Art, Jerusalem.

   1997 -- "The Influence of the Six-Day War on Israeli Art," Seminar on Thirty Years after the Jerusalem Campaign of the Six-Day War, Jerusalem.

   1997 -- "Jerusalem in Israeli Art," Twelfth World Congress for Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.

   1997 -- "From Depiction to Symbolization in Representations of the Holocaust in Art," The Holocaust and its Depiction in Art: Symposium dedicated to the memory of Avi Horowitz, Kibbutz Lohamei Hagettaot.

   1998 -- "Jews and Arabs in the Works of Jakob Steinhardt," 30th Symposium of the Society for Jewish Art, Jerusalem.

   1998 -- "The Influence of the Holocaust on Jewish Art," Symposium on Jewish Art in Israel: The Ingathering of the Nations, Center for Jewish Art, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

   1999 -- "Expressions of Judaism in Israeli Art," in series of lectures on Between Art and Judaism, Bar-Ilan University and the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, Bar-Ilan.

   1999 -- "Positive and Negative Reactions to the Other," 31st Congress of the Society for Jewish Art, Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

   1999 -- "Adam and Eve in Modern Christian and Jewish Art," Scripture and Picture: The Bible in Jewish, Christian and Islamic Art, Sixth International Seminar of Jewish Art: The Center for Jewish Art, Jerusalem.

   2000 -- "Gauguin's Self-Portraits," Conference in Honor of Moshe Barasch, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

   2000 -- "The Family and the Child in the Holocaust in the Mirror of Art," Yad Vashem, Givataim.

   2000 -- "The Power of Prayer," Folk Beliefs in Jewish Art, 32nd Symposium of the Society for Jewish Art, Bible Lands Museum, Jerusalem.

   2000 -- "The Artist's Allegiance: Austrian Jewish Artists in the Aftermath of the Holocaust," International Conference on Transfigurations of an Identity: Austria in the 19th and 20th Century, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

   2000 -- "The Contribution of German Jews to Israeli Art," Weimar in the Desert: The Contribution of German Jews to the Shaping of Israeli Culture, Van Leer and Goethe Institutes, Jerusalem.

   2001 -- “The Wandering Jew in Modern Jewish and Christian Art,” Thirteenth World Congress for Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.

   2001 --  “Adam and Eve in Modern Art,” Seminar for Russian Artists, Society for Jewish Art, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

   2001 --  “Aspects of Jerusalem in Israeli Art,” Symposium in Honor of Ayala Zacks Abramov, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

   2002 --  “Visual Expressions of the Scroll of Lamentations,” On Reading the Scrolls, 11^th Symposium on the Design of the Hebrew Letter, Emunah College, Jerusalem.

   2005 --  “Oral Sources in Modern Jewish Art,” Written and Oral Sources in Jewish Studies, Symposium of the World Union of Jewish Studies and Ben Gurion University, Beersheva.

   2005 --  “Samuel Bak: The Experience of the Holocaust in his Childhood and its Influence on his works,” Ars Judaica, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan.

2005 – “Ghosts as an Expression of Memory,” Is Holocaust Art Possible, Society for Jewish Art, Jerusalem.

   2005 -  “New Light on the Wandering Jew,” The Fourteenth World Congress for Jewish Studies, Jerusalem.